In 2016, 124,675 patients initiated treatment for ESRD, 121,209 of whom started on dialysis (3,466 started with a kidney transplant).
ESRD incidence increased by about 93% from 1990 to 2016 and the proportion of the overall incident population starting with a transplant remained at ~2% over the entire period.
Chart Explanation: In 2016, 124,675 patients initiated treatment for ESRD, 121,209 of whom started on dialysis (3,466 started with a kidney transplant). Shown is the increase in incidence of ESRD patients from 1990 to 2016, by initial treatment of ESRD. The incidence of ESRD increased by about 93% over this time period. Despite the increase in ESRD incidence, the proportion of patients initiating treatment with dialysis (~97%) rather than a transplant, has remained fairly steady since 1990.
The United States Renal Data System (USRDS) is national registry of all patients treated for end-stage renal disease in the United States. It is sponsored by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease (NIDDK) and the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) that reports prevalence of all treated ESRD in the United States. U.S. population denominators are determined through U.S. Census data. Tables from the USRDS annual report (
United States Renal Data System, 2018) are publicly available for download.
| Field | Data |
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| Description of Measure | Incidence of treated end-stage renal disease (ESRD) (Stage 5) |
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| Data Source | USRDS (NIDDK/CMS) |
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| Type of Data Source | Public |
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| Data Set | USRDS |
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| Health Care System Data | Yes |
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| Regional or National? | National |
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| Demographic Group | Medicare-eligible U.S. citizens with ESRD-related claims with known age, race/ethnicity, and gender |
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| Numerator | Number of patients with new diagnosis of ESRD |
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| Denominator | U.S. resident population from U.S. census from corresponding year |
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| Definition of CKD | Stage 5, <15 ml/min/1.73 m² with Medicare-eligibility for ESRD-related treatment |
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| Primary Data Source Indicator | Number of patients reported to have a new diagnosis of ESRD, as indicated by first treatment (dialysis or functioning transplant) |
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| Primary Indicator Method of Measurement | Claims |
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| Frequency of Measurement (Primary) | Annual (cross-sectional) |
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| U.S. Region Covered by Primary Variable | All |
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| Period Currently Available | 2016 |
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| Pending Data | 2017 |
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| Additional Data Items of Interest | Year, age (from date of birth), race/ethnicity (from Medicare 2728 form), gender (from Medicare 2728 form), assigned cause of ESRD (from Medicare 2728 form), BMI |
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| Limitations of Indicator | Only those who are Medicare-eligible are captured & eligibility may be delayed; changes in 2728 form |
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| Analytic Considerations | Denominators change with missing stratification variables |
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References and Sources:
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United States Renal Data System. 2018 USRDS annual data report: Epidemiology of kidney disease in the United States. National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD, 2018.
United States Renal Data System. 2019 USRDS annual data report: Epidemiology of kidney disease in the United States. National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD, 2019.